| Course | INHE 4009 Cultural Humility and Diversity |
|---|---|
| Week | Week 6 |
| Paper type | Discussion post |
| Length | About 540 words, 3 pages |
| Format | Discussion post, APA 7 citations |
| School | Walden University |
| Program | BS in Integrative Health |
| Updated | October 2026 |
Free sample paper for INHE 4009 Week 6
Week 6 Discussion: Where Did That Generalization Come From?
"Korean American Patients Prefer That Relatives Decide": An Initial Post Tracing One Classmate's Sentence to Its Source, Asking Whom It Describes and What It Does to the Next Patient
A classmate's post this week included the sentence, "Korean American patients prefer that their relatives make their medical decisions." I don't want to deny that some people prefer this; many do. I want to ask three questions about the sentence: where it came from, whom it actually describes and what it does to the next patient who walks in.
Where it came from. The most cited source for this idea is a 1995 survey of 800 adults aged 65 and older at senior centers in Los Angeles County, 200 in each of four ethnic groups (Blackhall et al., 1995). It found that Korean American elders, compared with the study's Black and white respondents, were less inclined to endorse telling a patient about metastatic cancer or letting the patient decide on life support, and they more often preferred decisions made by the family.
Whom it describes. The study describes elderly Korean Americans in Los Angeles senior centers in the early 1990s, not Korean Americans in general. And even within that group, the numbers do not support "prefer." Forty-seven percent of Korean American respondents thought patients with metastatic cancer should be told the diagnosis, and 28% thought the patient should make life-support decisions. That means a large share held the patient-centered view. A group difference in percentages is not a description of each person in the group.
What it does to the next patient. If a practitioner carries the sentence into a room with a 40-year-old Korean American engineer, or a 70-year-old who wants to make her own decisions, it can lead to talking to the family first, withholding information or assuming consent that was never given. The sentence becomes a script that overrides the person.
The study's own authors drew a different conclusion from the one in my classmate's sentence. They wrote that physicians should ask patients whether they wish to receive information and make decisions or prefer that their families handle such matters (Blackhall et al., 1995). That is a practice of asking, not a rule about a group, and it matches cultural humility's emphasis on the patient as the authority on their own preferences (Tervalon & Murray-García, 1998).
My question: is there a way to teach group-level findings like this one without them hardening into rules about individuals?
Reply to Grace
Grace, you argued that knowing group tendencies helps practitioners avoid surprises. I agree that knowing family decision-making is common in some communities can prepare a practitioner to ask the right question. The risk is when the tendency replaces the question. How would you phrase the finding in training so that it prompts asking rather than assuming?
Reply to Jun
Jun, thank you for sharing that your own family split on this, with your grandmother wanting your uncle to decide and your mother insisting on deciding for herself. Your example shows the within-group variation the numbers hint at. It also shows why the practical answer is to ask each person, which two scholars of medicine and culture have argued is more useful than lists of cultural traits (Kleinman & Benson, 2006).
References
Blackhall, L. J., Murphy, S. T., Frank, G., Michel, V., & Azen, S. (1995). Ethnicity and attitudes toward patient autonomy. JAMA, 274(10), 820-825. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03530100060035
Kleinman, A., & Benson, P. (2006). Anthropology in the clinic: The problem of cultural competency and how to fix it. PLoS Medicine, 3(10), Article e294. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030294
Tervalon, M., & Murray-García, J. (1998). Cultural humility versus cultural competence: A critical distinction in defining physician training outcomes in multicultural education. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 9(2), 117-125. https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2010.0233
The Walden INHE 4009 Week 6 instructions
This midterm discussion often begins with a generalization about a cultural group and asks students to examine it. Most prompts have students trace the claim to its source, judge whom it actually describes and weigh how it might shape practice. Replies are expected to engage classmates respectfully. Instructors look for posts that trace claims to evidence, notice variation within groups and arrive at a practice that serves individuals. Posts that simply accept or reject the generalization, or that attack the classmate who wrote it, are usually marked below posts that examine the claim carefully. Some prompts let students choose a generalization from course readings rather than from a classmate's post.
How the INHE 4009 Week 6 example is put together
The post quotes the sentence and states that it will question rather than deny it. One paragraph identifies the likely source study and its design. Another describes whom the study actually covered and reports within-group percentages that undercut the word "prefer." A third describes how the sentence could harm the next patient. A fourth reports the study authors' own recommendation to ask and connects it to cultural humility. Two replies follow, one asking how to teach group findings without rules and one drawing on a classmate's own family to illustrate variation. Percentages are reported exactly as the study gave them, so classmates can check the within-group variation for themselves. The post closes with a question about teaching group findings without hardening them into rules. Each reply is about one hundred words.
INHE 4009 Week 6 rubric: what earns full marks
Instructors generally reward tracing a claim to its source, and identifying and describing the survey secures a solid share. Reporting within-group percentages earns substantial credit, since that is what reveals the overgeneralization. Describing the practical harm to an individual shows why the issue matters. Using the study's own conclusion to support asking is often decisive, because it shows the evidence itself favors the practice. Respectful engagement with classmates is credited. Accurate citations for the survey, the humility article and the critique of trait lists complete the post. Reporting exact percentages rather than impressions makes the argument about variation verifiable. A closing question that asks how to teach findings well moves the thread from critique to practice.
INHE 4009 Week 6 help: mistakes that cost marks
When you meet a generalization, find its source and read who was actually studied, where and when. Look for numbers within the group, not just between groups. Ask what the sentence would lead a practitioner to do with the next client. Check whether the source's authors drew the same conclusion. Turn the finding into a question you could ask a client. If tracing a claim to its source is difficult, a sample post on the generalization you are discussing can help. Quote the exact numbers from the source, not your memory of them.
Get a INHE 4009 Week 6 example written to your instructions
Send the thread prompt, the rubric, and the post or statement your section asked you to answer if there is one. The initial post and replies return inside 24-48h, and the first set carries no charge. Any classmate's words you share are stripped of names before drafting, and the sample tests the claim, never the person who made it.
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INHE 4009 Week 6 questions, answered
Where can I find a free INHE 4009 Week 6 sample paper?
The post examining the family decision-making generalization appears on this page.
Where did the generalization come from?
Most likely a 1995 survey of 800 older adults at Los Angeles senior centers.
Did all Korean American respondents favor family decisions?
No. Forty-seven percent believed a patient should be told a metastatic cancer diagnosis.
What did the study's authors recommend?
That physicians ask patients whether they want information and decisions or prefer family to handle them.
Should practitioners ignore group findings?
No. They can prompt better questions, but should not replace asking the individual.